Severity: CRITICAL
Description: Improper authentication vulnerability in NEC Corporation Aterm WG1800HP4, WG1200HS3, WG1900HP2, WG1200HP3, WG1800HP3, WG1200HS2, WG1900HP, WG1200HP2, W1200EX(-MS), WG1200HS, WG1200HP, WF300HP2, W300P, WF800HP, WR8165N, WG2200HP, WF1200HP2, WG1800HP2, WF1200HP, WG600HP, WG300HP, WF300HP, WG1800HP, WG1400HP, WR8175N, WR9300N, WR8750N, WR8160N, WR9500N, WR8600N, WR8370N, WR8170N, WR8700N, WR8300N, WR8150N, WR4100N, WR4500N, WR8100N, WR8500N, CR2500P, WR8400N, WR8200N, WR1200H, WR7870S, WR6670S, WR7850S, WR6650S, WR6600H, WR7800H, WM3400RN, WM3450RN, WM3500R, WM3600R, WM3800R, WR8166N, MR01LN MR02LN, WG1810HP(JE) and WG1810HP(MF) all versions allows a attacker to execute an arbitrary command with the root privilege via the internet.
CVSS Score: N/A
D
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1. Risk Assessment
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2024-28012 is an improper authentication issue affecting multiple NEC Corporation Aterm router models. This flaw allows an attacker to execute arbitrary commands with root privileges via the internet. The CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 (CRITICAL) underscores the severity of this vulnerability, with high impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability.
The nature of this vulnerability lies in its exploitation of weak or missing authentication mechanisms, enabling unauthorized access to critical system functions. The likelihood of exploitation is high due to the network-based attack vector, low attack complexity, and the absence of required privileges or user interaction. Attackers can exploit this vulnerability remotely, making it particularly dangerous for organizations using affected devices.
The business impact is significant. If exploited, attackers could gain full control over the affected routers, leading to potential data breaches, network disruptions, or the deployment of malicious payloads. This could result in operational downtime, reputational damage, and financial losses. The vulnerability's criticality is further amplified by its potential use in ransomware campaigns or as part of a larger attack chain.
2. Potential Attack Scenarios
One potential attack scenario involves an attacker exploiting the vulnerability to gain root access to an affected router. The attack begins with the attacker scanning the internet for vulnerable NEC Aterm routers. Once identified, the attacker sends a specially crafted request to the router, bypassing authentication mechanisms. This request allows the execution of arbitrary commands with root privileges.
The attacker could then install malware, modify router configurations, or exfiltrate sensitive data. For example, the attacker might redirect network traffic through a malicious server, enabling man-in-the-middle attacks or credential theft. Alternatively, the attacker could deploy ransomware, encrypting critical data and demanding payment for decryption. The outcome could include prolonged network outages, data breaches, and significant financial and reputational damage to the affected organization.
3. Mitigation Recommendations
Immediate action is required to mitigate this vulnerability. Organizations using affected NEC Aterm routers should apply the latest firmware updates provided by NEC Corporation. These updates address the improper authentication issue and prevent exploitation.
If a patch is not immediately available, organizations should implement compensating controls. These include restricting access to the router's management interface to trusted IP addresses, disabling remote management features, and monitoring network traffic for unusual activity. Additionally, organizations should review and strengthen authentication mechanisms, ensuring the use of strong, unique passwords and multi-factor authentication where possible.
For further guidance, refer to NEC Corporation's security advisory at https://jpn.nec.com/security-info/secinfo/nv24-001_en.html. Regular monitoring of vendor updates and security bulletins is also recommended to stay informed about new patches or mitigation strategies.
4. Executive Summary
CVE-2024-28012 is a critical vulnerability affecting multiple NEC Aterm router models, allowing attackers to execute arbitrary commands with root privileges via the internet. This flaw poses a significant risk to organizations, with potential impacts including data breaches, network disruptions, and financial losses.
The vulnerability is highly exploitable due to its network-based attack vector and low complexity. Attackers can exploit it remotely without requiring user interaction or privileges, making it a prime target for malicious actors. Immediate action is essential to mitigate the risk.
Organizations should apply the latest firmware updates from NEC Corporation and implement compensating controls such as restricting access to management interfaces and monitoring network traffic. Addressing this vulnerability promptly is critical to safeguarding business operations, protecting sensitive data, and maintaining customer trust. The potential consequences of inaction are severe, underscoring the urgency of implementing recommended mitigation measures.